Ports in liner shipping: understanding their position and connectivity

Some interesting research from UNCTAD. It has looked at port connectivity, and found that in  the second quarter 2020, only 2.9% of port pairs have direct connections. For the other 97%, containers must be transhipped. The least connected require up to six transhipments and 14 port moves for one trade transaction. Of the top 50, Shanghai and Busan have the best connectivity, while Jakarta and Bilboa have the worst.